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Authors
Filis Özbay, Nurdan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-7190
Çiçeklioğlu, Meltem https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7059-7573
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
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: This research was granted ethical clearance by the Ege University Faculty of Medicine Medical Research Ethics Committee (dated 21.08.2019, decision number 19-8.1T/34), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Before commencing the study, the necessary written permissions were obtained from the heads of the respective departments. Prior to participation, written informed consent was obtained from all individuals following the provision of a comprehensive briefing on the study’s objectives, procedures, and the right to withdraw at any time. The present manuscript is devoid of any individual imagery or discernibly identifiable personal data. Permission to utilise the scale was obtained from Türkay and Ay, who conducted the Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
