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Authors
Dong, Jiangtao
Chen, Xin
Lyu, Chuanwu
Wu, Mingyue
Ruan, Chengfei
Yan, Fang
Zhang, Dongjun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Henan Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project (2023SJGLX235Y)
Henan Provincial Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Building an Education-Strong Province (2025JYQS0289)
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Article History
Received: 26 October 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study strictly adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association, 2013 revision) for medical research involving human subjects, and complied with the National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects of China. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Medical University(Reg.No.XYLL-20250473). Prior to data collection, all participating psychiatric nurses were provided with a detailed explanation of the study purpose, procedures, potential risks, and rights. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant, and all interview recordings and transcripts were anonymized—identifying information (e.g., names, workplace details) was replaced with pseudonyms to protect privacy. The storage and analysis of sensitive data strictly followed institutional data security protocols to prevent leakage.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
