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Article History

Received: 4 June 2025

Accepted: 12 January 2026

First Online: 31 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.KUMS.REC.1403.091). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Before data collection, the purpose and process of the study were clearly explained to each participant, and verbal informed consent was obtained to ensure voluntary and informed participation.

: In the preparation of this article, I utilized ChatGPT, an AI language model, to assist with editing and refining the text. The AI contributed to enhancing the clarity, grammar, and overall flow of the manuscript. However, it is important to note that ChatGPT does not contribute to the original ideas or research presented in the article.

: The authors declare no competing interests.