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Authors
Aldabayan, Yousef S.
Albarqi, Mohammed Nasser
Alamoudi, Fatmah Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7893-8486
Elsamahy, Ibrahim Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4470-4531
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the institutional review board (IRB) of King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia (approval No.: KFU-2025-ETHICS3666). All participants received verbal and written information about the study aims and procedures. Written informed consent was obtained prior to participation, and participants were reminded of their right to withdraw at any time without consequences. Ethical principles of confidentiality, voluntary participation, and respect for autonomy were strictly maintained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
