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Authors
Pamir Aksoy, Nuran Ayşen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-6267
Ocaktan, Nermin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-977X
Unver, Vesile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2892-9503
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Article History
Received: 8 November 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and Good Clinical Practice Standards [ ]. For adaptation of the NIPDS to Turkish, written permission of Prof. Dr. Filip Haegdorens, who developed the original instrument, was obtained. The ethics committee approval for the study was obtained from Acibadem University and Acibadem Healthcare Institutions Medical Research Ethics Committee ( ATADEK ) before recruitment (Approval no. 2024-18/695). All participants were informed about the purpose and procedures of the study, and consent was obtained prior to participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
