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Authors
Liu, Xuefang
Yu, Ning
Zhou, Xiaoyu
Bie, Yuhan
Zhu, Junyu
Liu, Ya
Hu, Zhenjie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Science Research Project of Hebei (20230561)
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Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 29 January 2026
First Online: 3 February 2026
Declarations
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: I confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines. This work has been carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2000) of the World Medical Association. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Approval No. 2025-R017), and digital informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
