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Article History

Received: 5 December 2025

Accepted: 9 February 2026

First Online: 9 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and local regulatory requirements. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment and data collection. The participants were informed that participation was voluntary and that withdrawal would not affect their clinical care. Privacy and confidentiality were maintained through coded identifiers, restricted access to linkage files, and secure data storage.

: Not applicable.This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including images, videos, or quotations) that would require explicit consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.