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Authors
Zhang, Qichao
Li, Zhengxuan
Zhao, Heng
Liang, Jiayi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Foundation of China (24CGL122)
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Article History
Received: 23 November 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Beijing Jiaotong University Science and Technology Ethics Committee (Approval No. JG20231015020). All participants provided informed consent prior to their participation in the study.
: This manuscript is our original work, has not been published elsewhere, and is not currently under consideration by any other journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
