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Authors
Almulhim, Mohammed Yousef
Shalaby, Samah Anwar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-0423
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Faisal University (KFU260097)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. All methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of King Faisal University and in line with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participating nurses before data collection. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any time without any consequences.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any person’s identifiable data, images, or clinical details.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
