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Authors
Aboushady, Reda Mohamed-Nabil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3070-6245
Gaballah, Mastoura Khames Farag
Osman, Basma Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6820-9383
Abdelrahman, Walaa M.
Elsayed, Mona Mohamed
Ismail, Lamia Mohamed-Nabil
Salem, Safa Gaber
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
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Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
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: The Cairo University Faculty of Nursing’s Ethics and Research Committee granted formal approval, IRB number 2019041701. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all the participants in the study. This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki for medical research involving human subjects. All procedures involving human participants adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments [ ]. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after explaining the study objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without affecting their medical care.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
