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Authors
Chien, Nai-Hui
Chang, Yi-Ya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1098-3373
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 110-2511-H-255-007)
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from Chang Gung Medical Foundation Institutional Review Board (IRB no. 202002342B0A3, Approval date: March 03, 2021). This study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (Ashcroft, 2008) to safeguard the privacy and confidentiality of research participants. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
