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Article History

Received: 18 December 2025

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 23 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Both survey studies were conducted in accordance with the applicable ethical guidelines and were approved by the respective Ethics Committee of the Canton of Bern, Switzerland (2013: KEK-B09-13; 2019: KEK 2019 − 00109). As outlined in the methods section, all participants were informed about the study twice: first, verbally by the NH nurse responsible, and second, in writing by the trained interviewers prior to the interview. For residents not authorized to give sole consent, relatives acting as statutory representatives were informed in advance and gave consent on behalf of the participants [ ]. Consequently, informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the start of data collection. All participants could withdraw from the study at any time without providing reasons. Anonymity and confidentiality of the collected data were ensured. The ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki were followed throughout the research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.