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Article History

Received: 19 January 2026

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants upon enrolment in this study.

: This study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the IRBs of the following institutions: (1) Jazan Health Cluster (Jazan, Saudi Arabia; approval number: 2545; approval date: March 19, 2025); (2, Jeddah Second Health ClusterJeddah, Saudi Arabia; approval number: A02186; approval date: April 15, 2025); (3) Tabuk Health Cluster(Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; approval number: TU-77/025/311; approval date: April 24, 2025); (4) King Saud University (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; approval number: E-25-9532; approval date: May 27, 2024); and (5), King Fahad Hospital Hafouf in Ehssa Health Cluster(Ehssa, Saudi Arabia; approval number: 29-EP-2025; approval date: July 9, 2025).

: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) to assist with grammar editing and clarity improvement. All suggestions were reviewed and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the content of this manuscript.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.