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Authors
Sherif, Ghada Mohamed Attia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-7075
ElSayed, Samar AbdelRazek Younes
El-Sayed, Ahmed Abdelwahab Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-0808
Attia, Ahmed Shaaban
Alfauomy, Naglaa Alsaied Mostafa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 20 February 2026
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 14 May 2026
Declarations
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: Approval for the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Damanhour University, Egypt, in September 2025 (Reference No. 116-k). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Prior to participation, all individuals received comprehensive information regarding the study’s objectives and procedures, and written informed consent was secured from each participant. The research adhered to the principles of voluntary participation, anonymity, and confidentiality throughout the study. Participants were also informed of their right to withdraw at any time without any consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
