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Article History

Received: 10 December 2025

Accepted: 8 May 2026

First Online: 20 May 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Scientific Research Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University (Approval No. 25.10.961) prior to the initiation of data collection. The study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from both the children and their caregivers after they were provided with a clear and age-appropriate explanation of the study objectives and anticipated outcomes to ensure adequate understanding.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.