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Authors
AL-Olimat, Kamlah A.
Alqadi, Rasha Abdulhalim
Ahmed, Lamiaa Abd El Hakeem Ali
Hamed, Alaa Eldin Moustafa
Hassan, Ghada Sobhy
Al-Me’ani, Mohammad Ahmad
Barakat, Abeer Moustafa
Attia, Ahmed Shaaban
El-Sayed, Boshra Karem Mohamed
Ahmed, Amany Lotfy
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 8 May 2026
First Online: 19 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Jordan (Approval No. 63/2024–2025). All procedures were conducted in full accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible institutional committee and the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments [ ]. The participants were fully informed about the objectives of the study, the voluntary nature of their participation, and their right to withdraw at any stage without penalty. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly preserved throughout the research process. All the data were securely stored in password-protected files and used exclusively for academic and scientific purposes.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
