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Authors
Badr, Eman Arafa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-0301
Monged, Heba Hashem https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1496-4226
Mohamed, Sally Mostafa https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7927-134X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2026
Accepted: 1 June 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of Alexandria University, Faculty of Nursing (IRB 00013620(9/19/2025)). All processes of the study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
