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Article History

Received: 12 May 2026

Accepted: 17 July 2026

First Online: 27 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the research ethics committee, faculty of nursing, and Suez canal University (Research code: 297; approved November 2024). All participants were informed about the purpose and procedures of the study before participation. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant, and involvement in the study was entirely voluntary. Participants were assured that they could withdraw at any time without any academic, professional, or personal consequences. The study did not include clinical trials or invasive procedures. All research activities were carried out in accordance with the approved ethical protocol, the regulations of the university’s ethics committee, and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later revisions.

Consent of publication: Not applicable. This manuscript does not include any identifiable personal information, images, videos, or clinical details that would require consent for publication.

AI declaration: During the preparation of this work, the authors used Grammarly and Quillbot to improve readability and language. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.