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Authors
Desalegn, Lemma
Gela, Debela
Boka, Abdissa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Addis Ababa University
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Article History
Received: 18 August 2025
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 31 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences (Approval No: 14/SNM/15). A formal letter of cooperation was also secured from the West Arsi Zone Health Office and the respective public hospitals. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant after explaining the purpose of the study, and participation was voluntary. Confidentiality and anonymity were maintained throughout the study by removing personal identifiers. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
