Xie, Zhenni
Han, Jiangying
Kuang, Dalin
Hu, Jinxiu
Liao, Chenxia
Wang, Ruiqi
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Anhui Medical University Quality Engineering Project (2024xjxm74)
Article History
Received: 8 May 2026
Accepted: 5 August 2026
First Online: 10 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (approval no. PJ2024-04-60). All participants were informed about the study purpose, procedures, voluntary nature of participation, anonymity, confidentiality, and intended use of the data before providing online informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Declaration of generative AI: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT and Grammarly for language polishing and translation assistance. The authors subsequently reviewed, revised, and verified the content and take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the final manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.