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Article History

Received: 3 May 2026

Accepted: 4 September 2026

First Online: 21 September 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University (Approval No. NBKNYY-2024-LC-64). All participants provided informed consent before participation and were informed that their participation was voluntary.

Consent for publication: All participants provided informed consent for the publication of de-identified quotations.

Study registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400091574), Registered 30 October 2024.

AI usage: The authors used ChatGPT to assist with the initial translation of selected quotations and with language editing and refinement. The authors reviewed and revised all AI-assisted outputs and take full responsibility for the final content.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.