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Article History

Received: 12 April 2017

Accepted: 17 November 2017

First Online: 28 November 2017

Authors’ information

: Dr. James M. Dupree is the director of the Michigan Value Collaborative. He has served as the American College of Surgeon’s first Health Policy Fellow and has published on accountable care organizations, and value-based purchasing in surgical care. Previously, he worked at the Advisory Board Company, a healthcare-consulting firm in Washington, DC. Dr. Dupree also serves as an advisor to the American Medical Association/Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee.Dr. David C. Miller’s longitudinal research agenda focuses on comparative effectiveness research, physician-led collaborative quality improvement, and on understanding the relationship between physician organizations, integrated delivery systems, and the quality and cost of specialty care. His research has funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the National Cancer Institute.Dr. Chad Ellimoottil is a practicing physician at the University of Michigan and a health policy researcher at the Dow Division for Health Services Research and the Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation. Dr. Ellimoottil’s research agenda is focused on measuring episode spending for all conditions and developing cost and utilization-based performance measures.

: The Institutional Review Board of the University of Michigan Health System deemed this study exempt from review.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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