Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 January 2018

Accepted: 26 October 2018

First Online: 14 November 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Malawi’s National Health Science Research Committee reviewed and approved this study (Protocol #1056). This was a program evaluation, not a trial. This was deemed so by Malawi’s National Health Science Research Committee. Per the approved protocol, all women provided verbal informed consent prior to the start of the survey given the nature of the program evaluation and the relatively low literacy rates, particularly among women. Similarly, the inclusion criteria were set as women of reproductive age (15–44 years) who had given birth within the past 12 months and whose baby was still living. In Malawi, prevailing culture considers such women adults, so all women consented for themselves.

: Not applicable for this study.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.