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Article History

Received: 15 February 2022

Accepted: 30 June 2022

First Online: 26 July 2022

Declarations

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: McMaster University, Saint Mary’s University, University of Waterloo and York University Research Ethics Boards approved the protocol. The research protocol, consisting of a survey (a questionnaire), was reviewed, revised and the final research protocol included all changes required by each named university and sent back to each university’s Research Ethics Board for approval again. Research Ethics Boards Protocol numbers with the latest renewal dates are: McMaster University, REB Protocol#: 1737, Renewal Date: 19 April 2020; Saint Mary's University, REB Protocol#: 20-044, Renewal Date: 23 November 2020; University of Waterloo, REB Protocol#: ORE #: 21613, Renewal Date: 17 August 2020; and York University, REB Protocol#: 2019-353, Renewal Date: 03 October 2020.There were no experiments on humans and/or the use of human tissue samples in this research. Data collection consisted of a survey (a questionnaire). The link to the survey was sent to all midwives registered with the Canadian Association of Midwives in 2018. Responding to the survey was voluntary and all participants were consenting adults. All methods were carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki – Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects.Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Survey participants had to provide written consent at the beginning of the survey, and had to click ‘submit’ button at the end of the survey for the data to be included in the study.No individual’s identifiable information is shown in this paper. For quantitative data only aggregate information is provided; for qualitative data, responses are coded by a unique code that the respondents selected for themselves.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.