Antonioli, Eliane
Tavares Malheiro, Daniel
Damazio Teich, Vanessa
Dias PaiĆ£o, Isabela
Cendoroglo Neto, Miguel
Lenza, Mario
Article History
Received: 13 April 2023
Accepted: 29 November 2023
First Online: 19 December 2023
Declarations
:
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Research Ethics Board (approval number: 37340820.6.0000.0071, with the decision dated 07.08.2021). Waiver of informed consent was granted by the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Research Ethics Board. This was a retrospective study of patients who took part in the Second Opinion on Spine Surgery Program at HIAE and data was extracted anonymously with no identifying information from the medical records. All the methods in this study were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable. Our study used only de-identified data obtained from an existing database and was compliant with the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Research Ethics Board, this study did not require patient informed consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.