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Article History

Received: 21 July 2023

Accepted: 16 July 2024

First Online: 20 August 2024

Declarations

:

: All research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study used hospital-level data aggregated from individual-level responses from the SOPS Hospital Survey 1.0 and Health Information Technology Patient Safety (Heath IT) Supplemental Item Set. This study was entirely based on secondary data analysis and no primary data collection was conducted for the purposes of these analyses. We requested and obtained permission from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) SOPS Databases to use these data from 2017 for the purposes of this study. The data were obtained as part of a pilot data collection, and therefore, the data are not publicly available. More recent data may be available from both the SOPS Hospital Survey 2.0 and Health IT Supplemental Item Set by request (). The authors received approval from Westat’s IRB to conduct these secondary analyses.

: Not applicable.

: The authors acknowledge no conflict of interest in the submission.

: The authors declare no competing interests.