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Article History

Received: 6 June 2024

Accepted: 8 August 2024

First Online: 13 September 2024

Declarations

:

: We received approval from the ethical review committee of the institute where the research was conducted after presenting the study’s objectives, approach, and scope. The Ethics Committee of Bacha Khan College of Dentistry Mardan approved the study, dated September 1, 2023. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before commencing the study. The research objectives were thoroughly explained to each participant, who were also informed that their participation was entirely voluntary. Additionally, it was clarified that no other individuals would have access to any of their information.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The views expressed in this paper represent the authors’ opinions based on their study and do not reflect the views of their associated institute/ organization.