Chen, Kuan-Yu
Huang, Yen-Chun
Liu, Chih-Kuang
Li, Shao-Jung
Chen, Mingchih
Article History
Received: 6 August 2024
Accepted: 3 January 2025
First Online: 20 January 2025
Declarations
:
: Following national regulations and with the approval of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Fu Jen Catholic University, the requirement for obtaining informed consent was waived for this study. The waiver was granted based on the assurance that participant information would remain confidential, with data anonymized through unique identifiers (protocol code C108121; approved on March 5, 2020). This waiver was deemed appropriate as the study met specific criteria outlined in Taiwan’s Human Subjects Protection Act and rigorously adhered to all established protocols.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.