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Article History

Received: 21 December 2024

Accepted: 2 May 2025

First Online: 14 May 2025

Declarations

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: To protect the participants’ privacy, the survey was conducted anonymously, and we did not obtain any personal information. Additionally, the participants were allowed to answer the questionnaire voluntarily after reading a text that explained the purpose of the survey. Both survey participation and withdrawal were voluntary. Informed consent was obtained from all participants for the participation of the study. The appropriateness of the study, including the above-mentioned ethical considerations, was reviewed by the ethics committee, and the survey was conducted after obtaining approval from the committee and the head of the affiliated institution (the Ethics Committee of Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine: Approval No. 2021-1-967, Shiga University of Medical Science Research Review Board: Approval No. RRB23-027). Furthermore, this survey conforms to the Helsinki Declaration and the corresponding ethical guidelines in Japan, the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.