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Authors
Guan, Xiuying
Li, Wentao
Cui, Nan
Yu, Jiacen
An, Libin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Fund (20BSH046)
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Article History
Received: 10 January 2024
Accepted: 20 May 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
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: In accordance with Article 2 of the Circular on the Issuance of the Measures for Ethical Review of Science and Technology (Trial) (2023) and Article 3 of the Circular on the Issuance of the Measures for Ethical Review of Life Science and Medical Research Involving Human Beings (2023), this study was exempt from participatory ethical review, as confirmed by the Institutional Review Board of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Dalian University. All the participating experts provided written informed consent prior to their involvement in the study. The research team will ensure that all the collected information is used exclusively for scientific analysis and research purposes. Strict confidentiality measures have been implemented to protect participants’ personal data in compliance with relevant data protection regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
