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Authors
Michael, Nyagwaswa Athanas
Mselle, Lilian Teddy
Bureta, Costansia Anselim
Mkoka, Dickson Ally
Cao, Yingjuan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
MUHAS-Higher Education for Economic Transformation in Tanzania, World Bank Funded Project
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72274110)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72274110)
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Article History
Received: 10 March 2025
Accepted: 9 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Board of Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (Ref. No. MUHAS-REC-04-2024-2139). Informed consent was obtained from all participants after being told about the benefits and harms of participating in this study. No participants’ identifying information such as name, hospital file or personal file details were asked or reported.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
