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Authors
Mali, Sushmita
Rhodes, Elizabeth C.
Nakarmi, Chandani Singh
Shrestha, Soniya
Dhakal, Aarati
Bharati, Alina
Bishwokarma, Anupama
Adhikari, Asmita
Poudel, Bikram
Rai, Binuka Kulung
Manandhar, Sangita
KC, Surakshya
Timalsena, Dinesh
Silwal, Sashi
Dhimal, Meghnath
Baral, Phanindra Prasad
Teufel, Felix
Bhattarai, Sanju
Spiegelman, Donna
Shrestha, Archana
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (5R21TW011718)
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2024
Accepted: 12 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
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: We obtained ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board of Yale University (#2000029694), the Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (#327/2020P), and the Institutional Review Committee of the Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (#110/20). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the 2019 National Ethical Guidelines for Health Research in Nepal and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration. All participants provided informed Consent prior to study participation. Permission was also obtained to record all interviews digitally. The confidentiality and anonymity of each participant were maintained throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
