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Authors
Aghabarary, Maryam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-7859
Nemat, Sajjad Zivari https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7121-6874
Nayeri, Nahid Dehghan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-6790
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Article History
Received: 2 February 2025
Accepted: 19 July 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was carried out in accordance with the principles set forth in the revised Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences (IR.ABZUMS.REC.1402.334). All ethical considerations were observed in this study. The study participants (pre-hospital emergency technicians) voluntarily participated in the study. Before the study, they were informed about the study’s objectives and methodology. All participants provided informed consent by confirming the statement, “If you are willing to participate in the study, click the ‘Start’ button,” which appeared at the beginning of the electronic questionnaire. Additionally, completing and submitting the questionnaire was regarded as an indication of consent to participate. The questionnaires were completed anonymously, and the participants’ information was kept confidential.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
