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Authors
Davoudi, Nayyereh
Nayeri, Nahid Dehghan
Zokaei, Mohammad Saeed
Fazeli, Nematallah
Carspecken, Phil Francis
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2025
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 12 August 2025
Declarations
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: This research is derived from a doctoral thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Ph.D. in Nursing at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences approved the project following the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration and the national ethical guideline for medical research (ethics code: IR.TUMS.REC.1395.2756). Written informed consent was obtained from the participants for excerpts from their interviews to be published with the guarantee of anonymity.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
