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Authors
Xing, Qian
Chen, Tianchi
Hu, Hongfei
He, Da
Wang, Wei
Yin, Yue
Wang, Haiyin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission under the 2025 High-Level Institution Development Program– Soft Science Research (25692113900, 25692113900)
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Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 25 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: The protocol used in this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center) (IRB number: SHDRC2025002). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (Declaration of Helsinki). The current study involved all the secondary data obtained from medical records, and the requirement of the informed consent for this study has been waived by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
