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Authors
Ayamolowo, Love Bukola
Ibitoye, Oluwabunmi Samuel
Esan, Ayodeji Omobolanle
Akinsolu, Folahanmi Tomiwa
Eleje, George Uchenna
Salako, Abideen Olurotimi
Idigbe, Ifeoma Eugenia
Lusher, Joanne
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Foláyan, Moréniké Oluwátóyìn
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Oral Health Initiative, Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Nigeria (OHI/COH2023/0003, OHI/COH2023/0003, OHI/COH2023/0003)
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Article History
Received: 9 April 2024
Accepted: 28 July 2025
First Online: 18 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria (IRB/IEC/0004553 and NHREC/27/02/2009a), in line with the Declaration of Helsinki and university regulations governing research involving humans. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
