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Article History

Received: 14 June 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 4 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was provided by the local South Canterbury Hospital (Timaru Hospital, South Canterbury District Health Board) research office on 08/11/2022. Written informed consent was not required due to the study being a retrospective observational study with minimal risk using de-identified data sourced from hospital electronic medical records (Health and Disability Ethics Committees, Ministry of Health, New Zealand).

: Not applicable. No identifiable data has been reported.

: The authors declare no competing interests.