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Authors
Dong, Xinyue https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-1674
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tianjin Health Insurance Center (TGPC-2021-D-0466)
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Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Tianjin University (No. TJUE-2024-287) and exempted from informed patient consent, as the data were fully de-identified in line with the retrospective design.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
