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Authors
Blacklock, Claire
Wanyama, Conrad
Jepkosgei, Juliet
Hinton, Lisa
McKnight, Jacob
Jepkosgei, Joyline
Oluoch, Dorothy
Molyneux, Sassy
Hogan, Bernie
English, Mike
Wong, Geoff
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council (MR/N013468/1)
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR303168)
UK Research and Innovation
National Institutes of Health
Wellcome Trust (207522/Z/17/Z)
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Article History
Received: 23 May 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the Pathways Study was received from Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI/SERU/CGMR-C/241/4374) and Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (OxTREC 519 − 22), which adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Individuals provided informed consent to participate.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
