Nketiah-Amponsah, Edward https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-1983
Afful-Mensah, Gloria
Alhassan, Robert Kaba
Ahimah-Agyarkwah, Solomon
Sunkwa-Mills, Gifty
Attachey, Alex Yao Israel
Antwi, Maxwell Akwasi
Amoah, Emmanuel
van Andel, Judith
de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke
Article History
Received: 16 April 2024
Accepted: 29 October 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The University of Ghana Medical Centre (UGMC) Institutional Review Board Committee granted ethical clearance for the conduct of the study (under the registration UGMC-IRB/MSRC/014/2022). The other participating health facilities (GARH and 37 Military Hospital) also granted approval. Participants also individually consented to the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.