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Article History

Received: 11 August 2025

Accepted: 31 October 2025

First Online: 3 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (IR.SUMS.REC.1398.412) and conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured by assigning unique codes to participants and removing all personal identifiers (names, job titles, hospital affiliations) from transcripts. Audio files and transcripts were securely stored on a password-protected computer accessible only to the research team. In reporting findings, illustrative quotations were presented in fully anonymized form to prevent recognition of individuals. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any stage without penalty. Psychological support referrals were offered if any emotional distress occurred during interviews.

: All participants provided informed consent for the publication of anonymized data.

: The authors declare no competing interests.