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Authors
Witt, Claudia M.
An, Jiahui
Christen, Markus
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Digitalization Initiative of the Canton of Zurich (DIZH) in the framework of the “DSI Strategy Lab”.
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Article History
Received: 25 August 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical and data protection issues were checked based on the procedure of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zurich (see ). The procedures are in accordance to the standard “Research involving human beings” of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences (see ), taking into account the Swiss legislation (810.30 Human Research Act and 235.1 Federal Act on Data Protection); the study is therefore in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration ( ). As informed consent was ensured, the data were collected anonymously, none of the questions involved specifically sensitive issues and data security standards were followed, the study was evaluated “low risk” and did not require specific approval by the Ethics Committee. The collected data does not contain any data or clinical details of participants that compromise their anonymity.
: Not applicable.
: Claudia Witt received research grants to the University of Zurich for digital health projects from the DIZH, the Swiss Cancer Research foundation, the German health care Innovation Fund, and Newsenselab GmbH. She has received honoraria from Swiss hospitals and non for profit organization for scientific presentations on the digitalization and AI in medicine.
