Ndié, Justin
Noah, Jean-Pierre Yves Awono
Ndongo, Francis Ateba
Dongmo, Rogacien Kana
Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Siewe
Mayoh, Fanny
Monteh, Caroline Teh
Temgoua, Carolle Dongmo
Njamnshi, Yembe Wepnyu
Onguene, Guy Christophe Eloundou
Palisson, Tatiana Avang Nkoa
Tabala, Félicité Naah
Bayiha, Christian Noël
Keugoung, Basile
Ateudjieu, Jérôme
Bissek, Anne Cécile Zoung-Kanyi
Article History
Received: 2 October 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and national regulations. Ethical approval was obtained from the National Ethics Committee for Human Health Research (reference N°2022/08/1478/CE/CNERSH/SP/2022), and an Administrative Research Authorization was granted (reference N°631-26-22/2022). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Confidentiality was strictly maintained by removing all personal identifiers, and anonymised datasets were used for analysis to ensure the protection of participants’ privacy.
: Not applicable.
: Related file 1. Ethical Approval_ french original version (.pdf).Related file 2. Ethical approval english version (.docx).Related file 3. Research Administrative Autorization_french original version (.pdf).Related file 4. Research Administrative Autorization_english version (.docx).
: The authors declare no competing interests.