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Article History

Received: 24 June 2025

Accepted: 14 January 2026

First Online: 2 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study received ethical approval from the Anglia Ruskin University School of Allied Health and Medicine Research Ethics Panel, and was ratified by the Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care Research Ethics Panel in August 2021 (AH-SREP-20-150). Participants gave informed consent before taking part in the study, with full information provided about the research aims, procedures, data handling, and their right to withdraw at any time. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: One of the authors, OK, is a guest editor of BMC Health Services Research. They were not involved in the peer review or editorial decision-making process for this manuscript. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.