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Article History

Received: 12 January 2025

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 27 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Guangming District People’s Hospital (Approval Number: GMDPH-2024–045). The research involved the analysis of retrospective, anonymized operational and administrative data from the hospital’s internal management systems. Since no direct intervention with human subjects occurred and all data were fully de-identified, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant data protection policies. Furthermore, formal permission to access and use the data was granted by the Science and Education Department of Shenzhen Guangming District People’s Hospital. The DATA ACCESS AND USE AUTHORIZATION LETTER is provided as a Related File with this submission.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.