Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 August 2025

Accepted: 28 January 2026

First Online: 3 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Ethical approval was granted from the Bethlehem University review board (Reference number: 17/201/2023) on January 18, 2023 (see Additional File 3). Eligible nurses received written informed consent describing the study aims, duration, and potential risks. All consent forms were kept separate from the questionnaires to ensure confidentiality. Participation was voluntary, and nurses could withdraw at any time before questionnaire submission. No personal identifiers were collected. Participants were assigned numerical codes for analysis purposes only. Completed questionnaires were returned in sealed envelopes and securely stored.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.