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Authors
Öngü, İrem Nur https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-4938
Arkan, Burcu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7285-6196
Kirli, Selçuk https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-5032
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 28 February 2026
First Online: 5 March 2026
Declarations
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: Before the adaptation of the scale into Turkish, formal permission was obtained from the scale’s original developers through email. Ethical approval was granted by the Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Bursa Uludağ University (Date: 2023-08 and Number: 16/5). Additionally, permission to collect data was obtained from the Chief Physician’s Office at Bursa City Hospital (Date: 21/12/2023; Document no.: 232309506). The data collection process followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki Written informed consent was obtained from participants. Participation in the study was voluntary and participants were informed about the study before answering the questionnaire. The information included details of the purpose and implementation of the study and a statement that participants could stop answering the questionnaire at any stage.
: N/A.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
