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Article History

Received: 3 October 2025

Accepted: 10 March 2026

First Online: 18 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol for the quantitative survey and qualitative interviews was approved by Vajira Institution Review Board, which is affiliated with Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University (COA 197/2567) and performed in accordance with Good Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent to participate, analyze, and publish de-identified data from each respondent was mandatory. To ensure participants’ confidentiality, all data were de-identified before analysis, access was restricted to authorized researchers, and strict data security measures were enforced to prevent unauthorized use. The study adhered to institutional and international ethical standards.

: Consents to analyze anonymized data and publish were obtained from each participant in compliance with institutional review board regulations.

: The authors declare no competing interests.