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Authors
Huang, Wen-Chu
Cheng, Shou-Hsia
Lin, Ching-Ching Claire
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (112-2410-H-002-012-MY3)
Ministry of Education (NTU-115L900401)
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Article History
Received: 6 December 2025
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study received approval from the National Taiwan University Research Ethics Committee (NTUREC) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Human Subjects Research Act of Taiwan under approval number 202212HM033. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the NTUREC due to the retrospective nature of the study, which involved the secondary analysis of de-identified data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
