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Article History

Received: 19 December 2025

Accepted: 31 March 2026

First Online: 3 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This project was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The project procedures were reviewed by the University of Iowa Institutional Review Board (IRB #202009601), were determined to constitute non–human subjects research and, as such, the need for informed consent to participate was waived. The Iowa City Veterans Affairs Research and Development Committee reviewed and approved the project. Participation in the provider survey was voluntary; participants were informed that completion of the survey was optional and that they could discontinue participation at any time. No incentives or reimbursement were provided for participation.

: Not applicable.

: Portions of this manuscript were edited with the assistance of an artificial intelligence (AI) tool, ChatGPT-5, OpenAI. Outputs underwent rigorous human review to ensure accuracy, clarity, and appropriateness for scholarly publication. Consistent with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations [ ], the authors maintained full responsibility for the content and interpretation of the manuscript. The use of AI was limited to language refinement and did not involve interpretation of study data.

: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.

: The authors declare no competing interests.